The article considers the problem of diachronic world modeling in language. The authors concentrate their attention on time perception as reflected in the world model pertinent to the American variant of the English language in the second half of the 18th-19th centuries. They view time as cultural and linguistic constant or invariant while the time model as consisting of a certain set of semiotic manifestations or variants. The authors found and studied these manifestations in the works of the most prominent American public figures and writers of the period under study. In these texts we found intercrossing codes pervasive in the temporal fragment of the American world model.

The article deals with integrity of the world’s economics image presented as a part of the world’s image expressing information which is impossible without language form. The integrity of world’s economy picture is in the potential unity of all kinds of information and realization of this potential in communication. Joining in context, linguistic and extralinguistic, scientific and general information, terms and non-terms, the economic picture of the world becomes integral.

The article is devoted to the study of feminine speech. Special focus is given to the description of the speech of modern British career women who have achieved success in various professional fields and high status in the society. The author studies communicative strategies and language means used in interviews to project a certain image and maintain effective interaction with the audience. The characteristics of interview as a genre of discourse are described and the process of creating an image aimed at producing certain impact within the framework of an interview is analysed. The results of the study show that analysis of feminine speech should be comprehensive and take into account various social parameters -age, education, social status, origin and profession.

In the article some important facts concerning Iris Murdoch’s creative writing are analyzed, linguistic and extralinguistic factors that contributed to forming her idiostyle are considered as well as the influence existentialism philosophy produced on her style. Various stylistic devices characteristic of Murdoch’s style are explored and systematized. As the analysis proves substantive and verbal metaphors, similes and epithets are widely used in the writer’s language.

The article is devoted to the comparative analyses of the problem of languages classification in the works of some linguists of the XIX century, belonging to the direction of linguistic naturalism: Friedrich Max Müller, Abel Hovelaque and William Dwight Whitney. The article touches upon the approach of these linguists to the problem of genealogical and morphological classifications of languages, to the problem of language evolution, to the question of the transmutation of linguistic patterns and to some other related questions. The study shows that the linguists of naturalistic school were convinced that languages develop and evolve together with civilization from simple to more complex forms.

The article focuses on semantic, structural and linguo-cultural characteristics of the names of new literary genres which appeared in the English language at the end of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century. The author studies the specifics of the notion of ‘genre’ and compares the speech genres definition offered by M.M. Bakhtin with literary genres. Describing peculiarities of lexical innovations which are used to name contemporary literary genres, the author emphasizes their culturally specific character and stresses the necessity of their further systematic investigation.

Texts of advertisements of cosmetic products are a unique genre of advertisements as they feature both informative and impact/manipulation means. Thus verbal representation of manipulation through printed advertisements is effected in a specific way. The paper looks into the specifics of verbal representation of manipulation in advertisements texts of this type within the framework of impact optimization techniques devised by A.A. Leontyev. The analysis of the sample of printed advertisements of cosmetic products has revealed a discrepancy in the frequency of linguistic means used to effect manipulation. Statistical analysis has determined the most frequent means of representation.

The article is focused on the problem of usage of different constant differentiators (do, be, have, modal verbs) in modern English interrogative sentences. It is known that in spoken English there is a strong tendency to contract (to make elliptical) interrogative sentences, which involves elimination of different constant fillers. Some of them are subjected to ellipsis more often, and others - more rarely. The author first attempted to explain the possible reasons for this phenomenon.

The article examines typical features and structure of heading complexes in modern English media, functional and pragmatic parameters of economic terms that allow to establish the relationship between universal and specific components in professional language with regard to linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The study is aimed at the analysis of linguistic structures that convey communicative intentions of the speaker in the most adequate way and create a certain communicative situation.

The subject of the article are different ways of increasing informative value of text interpretation by using methods of intertextual and discourse analyses, which significantly enriches the underlying conceptual information of the text. The author shows that only through involving extralinguistic data at different stages of analysis, a reader with different cultural background can fully activate his personal thesaurus and understand the text deeper. The conclusion is that textual units can get additional semantics with special connotative, imaginative, evaluational, associative characteristics while being analyzed through discoursive cultural angle.

The article is devoted to a sociolinguistic comparative study of Russian, English and Azerbaijani anthroponyms. The study suggests that the anthroponym is a social sign and an indicator of a particular ethnic group. Functioning in a foreign language society, a personal name undergoes linguistic and extralinguistic changes. The results of the comparative analysis showed that names used for both genders is a common feature of the anthroponym systems. The study of name legislation has shown that the most strict language policy with respect to anthroponyms is the Azerbaijani language (we explain it by the desire for the revival and strengthening of national traditions).

The paper deals with the problem of science terms borrowings in modern French scientific and technical literature. The article presents the classification of the types of borrowings such as xenisme, internationalism, peregrinism, franglais and abbreviation. The focus is made on international lexis and its assimilation in French. The reasons for borrowings in the language are divided into extra-linguistic ones (contacts between the countries, denoting new subjects, innovations, a tribute to fashion) and linguistic ones (the absence of an equivalent, renunciation of descriptive constructions in favour of one word-term).

The article studies some peculiarities of gender-related riddles and their correlation with correspondent solutions in German, English and Russian languages. The analysis is focused on "effect of failed expectations" expressed via the gender disagreement in the text of riddles and in relevant solutions. After the comparative analysis of the gender-marked language units the authors have come to the conclusion that this phenomenon is present in each language under study.

The article is devoted to the latent translations from R.M. Rilke’s poetry into Russian. The term “latent” translation is used to denote translations of R.M. Rilke’s poems, which are published in magazines, textbooks and biographies with limited circulation, and are not readily available to Russian readers. Latent translations were made by researchers, memoir writers and biographers who were not satisfied with the versions which had been published and thus had to create their own translations. The author of the article argues that some of the latent translations may surpass those which have been published frequently and are well known.

The article gives a brief analysis of the use of the concept of "verbal portrait" in modern philological works, discusses the characteristics of this concept (its nature, structure, content). Specific realization of the concept in the context of the retrospective presentation of informational and analytical material is studied. The results of the comparative analysis are presented in the form of a table where the main components included in the concept of "verbal portrait" - linguistic portrait, communicative portrait, speech characteristics, linguo-cultural type - are shown.

The present paper deals with the function of a pause in poetry. In the work the distribution of vocalized and not vocalized time (pauses) is discussed. As a material for research the poems of Russian, English and German poets of the XX century were used. The analysis has confirmed the assumption that the pause is a key element of poetry. Obtained experimental results prove a precise distribution of sounding and not sounding time (pauses) in poetry in the Russian, English and German languages.

The article deals with the history of the creation and the aesthetics of three poems of the great Chilean poet Pablo Neruda devoted to Stalingrad - “A Love Song for Stalingrad” (1942), “A New Love Song for Stalingrad” (1943) “Third Love Song to Stalingrad”; their poetic translation and aesthetic features are discussed. Three versions of “A Love Song for Stalingrad” (Erhenburg, Kellin, and Grushko), four versions of “A New Love Song for Stalingrad” (Erhenburg, Kellin, Dolmatovsky, and Goncharenko), and the translation by O. Savich of “The Third Love Song to Stalingrad” are analyzed.