Cognitive trend in linguistics provides modern study of language with anthropocentric approach as the main method of studying all aspects of language, and especially its lexical structure. In this article we analyse lexical units which, in the development of branch terminologies, undergo transition from a common word to a special word - a term, intended to nominate professional notion. This transition is carried out in the development of branch terminology at a stage that received the name prototerminological, its position being between pre-scientific and scientific stages in the constant development of terminology.

The author analyses precedent phenomenon at the iconic level of creolized texts. The article views both quotation and quasi-quotation of precedent texts. Apart from the main pictorial functions, other specific functions of visual precedent phenomena in the iconic part of creolized texts are specified. They are functions of creating images, prospection and retrospection, as well as functions of characterising and satirising.

The article explores the role of emphatic accentuation in structural design of Margaret Thatcher's personal reminiscences. The writer's planning approach to structural design of memoirs is viewed as an extremely effective tool: the author controls the reader's attention and brings emotional pressure to bear upon the recipient. Metaphorical titles and subtitles enable the author to introduce extra-linguistic information concisely and briefly. The article looks deeply into the experimental method of interpretation of memoirs

The article is devoted to the analysis of various approaches in Russian and foreign linguistics to the study of group communication. It is a study of a number of extralinguistic factors determining the prosodic processing, the character of group interaction and its result. These factors are group goals (generating ideas, sharing ideas in decision-making process), individual goals and objectives (floor taking, floor keeping), personal status of the speaker and addressee, properties of the channel of communication, presupposition and postsupposition. The analysis proves that prosody plays a significant role in the realisation of the goals set by the participants of group communication

This article concentrates on different approaches to studying gender aspects in linguistics at the present stage. This may be due to the fact that at the moment there is a growing interest in the more profound analyses of a person: his or her nature, appearance, inner world, mentality. The opposition "masculine vs feminine" is fundamental for people's culture and dates back to ancient world images. The certain person as a bearer of mind, as an informant, possessing some complex inner world and attitude to faith and material world, is of interest to modern science.

The article is devoted to attractiveness of song lyrics as an element of realisation of poetic discourse of music. The paper offers an analysis and a general conclusion on the notion of attractiveness as applied to linguistic research. The article considers the characteristics of the phenomenon of attraction in terms of the above-mentioned discourse type. The practical value of the present research consists in obtaining the opportunity of discourse development management, and as a result, optimisation of achieving the determined communicative goals.

The present article conducts a study of the use of English intonation patterns with respect to communicative intentions of the speaker, and establishes the role of intonation as a marker of the intentional structure of discourse by analysing correlations between intonation patterns and the functional status of discourse units. By viewing the functional aspect of intonation patterns from a communicative perspective the article provides new insights into prosodic production.

The article is devoted to the problem of intertextual
relations in oral analytical media discourse. Taking into
consideration the general features of an analytical discourse
structuring the author suggests a two-level approach to intertextual
realization - interdiscourse and intradiscourse levels.
The paper explores a number of functions of intertextual inclusions
in this particular type of discourse. Special attention
is focused on the role of prosodic means in their interaction
with lexical-grammatical means of intertextual realization.

The article views the problem of rendering so
called time distance between the original and its later translation.
In this connection specialists in translation theory and
practice speak about the temporal (time) stylization of language,
i.e. the usage of obsolete lexical, morphological and
syntactical means of modern TL in order to give a special stylistic
effect of correlation between the present and the past.
The creation of time colour in publicistic text in chronological
translation is studied on the basis of pamphlets written by J.
Swift, and their Russian translations done in 1955. Besides,
the usage of obsolete words and word combinations in the
Russian translations of the pamphlets by J. Swift is regarded
as a desire to reproduce the stylistic features of the original.

The article is concerned with the typology of
phraseological synonyms built on the structural principle.
The convergence of the lexicographical and discursive-oriented
approaches enables to reveal single-structure, various-
structure and similar-structure phraseological synonyms.
Special emphasis is placed upon the functioning of structural
synonyms with a varying component. The structural synonym
and structural variant concepts are differentiated. The
research is conducted within the framework of the universal
macro- and micro-field identification model based on materials
of the Russian and German languages. The findings contribute
to a more clear-cut lexicographical representation of
phraseological units within phraseological ideography.

The article explores the method of linguistic
modeling for transferring comparative meaning in translation.
It describes a possible approach to systematization of data
on peculiarities of grammatical category of comparison and
trends of its rendering. The article presents the aim, objectives,
as well as stages and criteria of the model. It reveals
particularities of translation at different levels of linguistic hierarchy
and the transformations applied. The article is based on
the linguistic data from novels in English and their translations
into Russian and German.

The article is devoted to the emergence of the
term tissue in medical terminology and to the questions,
connected with its translation from English into Russian. The
article presents a complex analysis of new meanings of this
medical term. Complex etymological analysis allows to reconstruct
history of conceptualization of the word in English, while
the semantic analysis gives the opportunity to investigate the
semantic structure of the term and the correlations between
its lexico-semantic variants. And finally, the conceptual analysis
clarifies the cognitive structure of the term. This analysis
is based on the communicative approach, as language units
are inseparable from discourse.

The article is focused on issues of translation
of monolexeme and polylexeme technical terms belonging to
the terminological field automated drive system. Structural
types of one- and two-word terms are defined and described,
the most and the less productive ways of their translation into
Russian are analysed, the most frequently used transformations
in the translation of each of the above -mentioned term
types are described as well as similarity degree of the translation
equivalents in comparison with the original form of the
term. The author attempts to systematise translation models
depending on the structural type of the term.

The article is concerned with sound imitative
functions of several phoneme types of Russian, English and
French languages. The aim of this research is to compare
the vibrants, affricates, fricative and plosive denotata in languages
of different structures, as well as the allocation of the
universals and the differences in their functions among onomatopes.
As a result, it was found that composition of phonemes
in sound-imitative words was not created accidentally
in the three languages, but it is similar and is motivated by the
properties of the denotatum and completely or partly reflects
its characteristics.

The article contains an overview of the phonetic
features typical of the speech of modern British pop singers
(representing modern mass culture), singled out in the course
of the rhetorical and auditory analysis. Special focus is given
to the role of prosodic features in TV interview. The results of
the analysis demonstrate that prosodic features contribute to
the informal conversational tenor of discourse and the strategies
of convergence in mass culture discourse. Prosodic features
of the speech of modern British pop singers show new
trends in speech realization.

The syntaxeme as a three-dimensional unity of
functional syntax based on morphology, semantics, and syntax,
makes it possible to take a fresh look at the structure of
the sentence without dividing it into syntactical and semantic
levels. The paper offers syntaxeme analysis of constructions
of second predication typical of constructions with the verbals
(Participle, Gerund, and Infinitive) with two different possessors
of predication sign.

Based on cognitive and discursive approaches
the article views the digital genre feature as a form and a
condition of functioning of digital hypertext in computer-mediated
communication. As a result, digital hypertext appears to
be a complicated and sophisticated language substance combining
various cognitive and discursive structures, whereas
the digital genre feature tends to be a multi-structural formation
in terms of which hypertext acquires a synergetic effect
intensifying its informational and pragmatic functions.

Place-names make up a significant part of the
onomastic lexical fund. Historically developed toponymic
systems are usually heterogeneous and combine multi-language
material, formed in the toponymy in different historical
epochs. This article reflects the results of the analysis of
structural and semantic features of oikonyms in historical and
geographical area of Eastern Germany - Upper Lusatia. The
author detects the ways of integrating the Lusatian oikonyms
in the German language from the synchronic point of view.
In turn, each way of integration is considered in this study
diachronically.

The article explores elements of the epic theatre
(which was based on theory of the German playwright B.
Brecht) in the novel of E. Jelinek The Piano Teacher. The
paper focuses on two aspects of this question: the figure of
the narrator in the text and the phenomenon of materialization
viewed as realization of alienation effect - one of the most
important elements of the epic theatre. The research is based
on comparative analysis of lexical, syntactical and stylistic peculiarities
in Brechts plays and in the Austrian writers novel.
The result of this research is the conclusion that the text of the
novel has some features of B. Brechts play and the novel by
E. Jelinek is an example of dramatization of a prosaic text.

The aim of the article is to define the quantitative
characteristics of the correlation of semantic characteristics of
modern English adjectival nouns with their diachronic characteristics.
The research was done on the basis of 25% of
the total number of adjectival units collected and 1412 deadjectival
nouns. The result of the analysis is uneven distribution
of correlations between the semantic characteristics. The
chronological factors proved to be not diagnostic

The article explores the development and features
of use of a principle of seriality in a context of techniques
and a special kind of art - a collage. It is supplemented with
examples collage painting of different authors, epochs and
directions. These examples illustrate the development of seriality
as a method in art, and the value of collage techniques
as variant of the serial approach shows. The article views the
qualitative changes in art in terms of development of modern
technologies and society as a whole. The concept of seriality
in other spheres is studied too: in philosophy, literature
(«method of cut-ups» suggested by W. Burroughs). Primary
classification is worked out.