This article presents a comparative analysis of absolute adverbial constructions in Indo-European languages. The author explains why the case in the predictive center in absolute constructions is fixed in each language. The ways of conveying absolute constructions meaning in the Semitic languages are defined, structural differences of Indo-European and Semitic absolute constructions are described. In conclusion, general laws of development of these constructions in Indo-European and Semitic languages are given.

The article describes the verbal presentation of creativity in connection with the character accentuation description. The author analyzes the problem in the interconnection of the linguistic, psycholinguistic and psychological aspects. The article is focused on the role of character traits influence on the creativity results. The personality growth or degradation under the influence of creativity wholly depends on the character accentuations. The author proves this on the basis of analysis of the most famous literary works.

The article concerns the notion of topical rhythm and its role in prose fiction. The material of the research is a novel by a modern British writer Zadie Smith “White Teeth”. The subject of the analysis is the intentional use of a certain topical rhythm in the composition of the fictional text and its role in transferring additional information by changing the narration tempo.

The article aims to define the notional essence of the phenomenon of “cultural event” in the mass media discourse using the existing definitions of “event” elaborated in various scientific areas but taking into account the distinctive features of this particular type of discourse. Results of the investigation of the cultural event structure from the point of view of its representation in English online newspapers are presented in the article.

The transfer of information in the dialogue is studied in the article. Definitions of thesaurus as well as different points of view concerning the concept of thesaurus are given. Detailed analysis of thesaurus as a way of communication, that is the choice of the lexical component of a dialogue is given, which presents the novelty of research. Different ways of conveying information used during dialogical communication are presented on the basis of communication theory. A new approach to the study of dialogue structure, proceeding from the used thesaurus is developed. The use of thesaurus in different situations of communication is also discussed.

The article shows what kind of verbal impact is produced when an addresser includes into dialogue phrases semantically related to implicit social theories. Factors affecting management of partner’s verbal behavior during the dialogue discourse are examined. Scenarios for development of dialogue speech with implicit social theories elements verbalization are given. Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of sense shifting. The author comes to the conclusion that the control over partner’s verbal behavior with the help of implicit social theories verbalization is a part of general phenomenon of verbal influence where non-verbal tasks connected with the transformation of social relations during communication are strongly emphasized.

The article discusses the interfering factors in teaching foreigners Russian sentence models. In the formal approach, the interference is caused by the similarity of the syntactical models, which are not the same logical or situation type. In communication sentences with different syntactical models can be communicative realizations and transforms of the same typical sentence model meaning. Thus, in the communicative approach the starting point is the denotative situation, typical situation and denotative roles. The word order is not only communicative, but also semantically loaded category.

The subject of the article is a greeting as one of the basic speech acts of polite communication. The author is attempting to compare various types of greeting speech acts in two closely related languages, Polish and Russian. Special attention is paid to the problem of the right choice of greetings depending on the age, social position, gender and professional status of the interlocutor. The author comes to the conclusion that regardless of the language the right choice of a greeting determines the style of communication and influences its success.

The article analyzes American culture values implicitly expressed in the original text and the way they are translated into Russian. Literary texts of contemporary American writers are presented as a reflection of basic values of the American society; consideration is given to the nature and the origin of these values. The article also studies how culture in general stipulates text specifics and text perception. The article focuses on different translation and mediation strategies to deal with “value” differences in translation.

The subject of the article is variations of German place-names. The author studies the peculiarities of using various place-names to name one and the same geographic object. The research is based on the principle of variation as a common characteristic of a language system. The linguistic interpretation of place-names modification at different linguistic levels showed, that different forms of one place-name cannot be considered as synonyms. They are toponymic variations and toponymic doublets. The variability of forms may be the result of their evolution, linguistic affiliation; it can also be caused by the regional characteristics.

In the article problems of the relations between categories «literature style» and «individual style» are considered, novels belonging to the early period of E.M. Remarque’ literary work are taken as the basis of the analysis. Syntax particularities of his first novels «Die Traumbude» (1920), «Gam” (1924) and «Station am Horizont» (1928) are analyzed from comparative point of view. As a result main trends in evolution in the use of different sentences types are revealed and main parameters of the sentence length are determined.

The use of professionalisms and professional slang by English-speaking musicians in a dialogue-discussion is reviewed in the paper. The object of the study is contemporary literary texts dealing with rock music. Analysis and classification of the lexical units are conducted with reference to characteristics of musical discourse. Texts study is based on the principles of the dictemic theory of text. The author comes to the conclusion that the speech of modern rock musicians in fiction which is a reflection of the real musicians’ speech is rich in professionalisms, highly emotional and expressive.

The present article contributes to the study of lexico-semantic compatibility of free word combination components. Grammatically conditioned types of free word combinations are rather well-studied. But components of a grammatically correct word combination should also be compatible from the lexico-semantic point of view (to read a book, a letter, a newspaper, but * to read a stable, a bicycle, rubber). The problem of lexico-semantic compatibility of free word combinations' components is not sufficiently studied. The article presents a research of verbs, compatible with the lexeme “smile” in the English language and their lexico-semantic classification. The theoretic value of the research consists in the fact that it contributes to the solution of a general theoretic problem of lexico-semantic compatibility of free word combination components.