The paper presents empathic speech acts of the sphere of co-rejoicing from the point of view of predominance of emotional or emotive component. The author differentiates verbal emotionality and emotivity both by content and form. The concept “emotional” content encompasses the meaning of naturalness, sincerity, spontaneity; the emotional utterances are often expanded and argumentative. “Emotivity” is specified by affectation, hypocrisy, intentionality and is expressed by short sentences, usually lacking arguments. The author came to the conclusion that formally emotive empathic utterances in verbal co-rejoicing are determined by the situation and thus can have emotional potential. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the fact that the author using speech-act analysis concretizes the use of emotional and emotive components in empathic utterances. The practical significance of the work is that the obtained results can be used in lectures on style, theory of speech acts, linguocultural studies, and psychology of speech behavior.

The name of the British linguist Roy Harris who worked in the end of the 20th century - beginning of the 21st century, and the new theory that he developed, integrationism, still remain not studied enough in our country. Because of this the aim of the article is to present critical study of the scientific views of this linguist. Some facts connected to his academic career are also provided. The research is done on the basis of the trilogy “The Language Makers”, “The Language Myth”, “The Language Machine”, which describe the key ideas of integrational linguistics. The article also gives information about practical application of the theory, including foundation and activity of the International Association for the Integrational Study of Language and Communication. The author draws the conclusion about the continuity of linguistic theories of Great Britain in the 20th century, as the notion context of situation appeared in linguistics at the beginning of the century.

The content of “dandyism” notion presented in works of Russian and foreign scientists was analyzed diachronically within the framework of linguistic and cultural studies. The study included selection of sources expressing different approaches to the notion “dandyism”, analysis of dictionary definitions and of the language means expressing the semantic features of the notion “dandyism”, and subsequent systematization and generalization of the data received and their cognitive interpretation. It is stated that the notion “dandyism”, which appeared in England at the beginning of the XIX century, is an important culturally marked concept and its content has undergone considerable changes in the course of time. It has been proved that it can denote a particular state of mind of intellectual and artistic elite particularly marked at the turn of the century. The conclusion is made that the notion “dandyism” has a complex hierarchic structure, which includes both “external” or deeply internal characteristics of people, denoted by the word “dandy”. On the basis of the investigation the superficial, everyday dandyism can be singled out.

The paper is devoted to a comprehensive review of contemporary problems in the study of the theory and terminology of the founder of modern linguistics Ferdinand de Saussure. The study presents the corpus of F. de Saussure’s texts and records of his lectures classified by the author of this paper. The main foreign and Russian saussurological works are also reviewed. The study demonstrates the possibility of access to the original texts of F. de Saussure’s archive, their digitized copies and published versions. The results of the research highlight the modern key scientific directions in this area, as well as actual research "gaps", which made it possible to outline the prospects for further work in the field of saussurology.

The article summarises and systematises theoretical propositions regarding the essential characteristics of the terms “invariant” and “prototype”. The author compares the notions “invariant” and “prototype” from the methodological point of view and gives practical analysis of a number of lexemes from the semantic field “Stairs and the elements of staircase constructions” with the aim to define their prototype and invariant. The author comes to the conclusion that the terms “invariant” and “prototype” have a mutually complementary character; moreover, invariant acts as a means of abstraction and prototype may vary according to certain conditions.

The article deals with the titles of literary masterpieces first viewed from the position of refraction of its both tenses: the literary tense in its interconnection of types (subject tense, beforesubject tense, oversubject tense, supersubject tense and parallel tense), and the linguo-psychological tense in its 3 tense zones (proper tense zone, pseudo-tense zone and anti-tense zone). The kind of interpretation of a title (independently of text) reveals its achronic nature when the title is considered as a structural component of a text but excluded from the scope of literary and linguo-psychological tense. However the title is affected by its refraction in linguo-psychological tense zones and the symbiosis of the title itself and the literary tense. Thus the title loses its achronic nature and acquires the character of the panchronic text unit due to the fact that the title is decoded by means of speech moment that may coincide with the scene described in a literary work or come before it, or come after it.

The article is devoted to the problems of terminological work connected with normalization and standardization of electric power terms. Also for the first time the issues of the variation and synonymy of terms have been considered in modern electric power terminology. Electric power terms belonging to international and national standards have been subjected to semantic analysis. It is concluded that one of the reasons of semantic variation is mainly the context variation, which is characteristic for many term systems. Due to the multi-level standardization of terms the harmonization of electric power terminology requires much effort from national terminological organizations, translators working in this field and cannot be yet attained.

The article deals with the linguistic features of spellonyms - names included in the system of mythonyms and divided into names of wizards, who have the ability to bewitch, and names of other fairy-tale creatures. The etymological analysis carried out by the authors allows them to state that nominations of Germanic and Celtic origin predominate among spellonyms, which is explained by the connection between the characters and motifs of the fairy tale with pagan rituals and the socio-religious lifestyle of the British. The authors classify spellonyms depending on the common and individual features of nominated objects. Typification of characters is an inherent feature of the fairy tale, therefore common names that do not contain an additional emotional-aesthetic evaluation predominate among spellonyms. The study clarifies the hierarchical organization of the onomastic space of the British fairy tale and reveals the symmetry of the spellonym oppositions on the basis of gender.

The article discusses the language philosophy of national-socialist Germany, which is called by the modern experts in the linguistic historiography “racial linguistics”. The present article presents an attempt to map the views of three groups of German philosophy of language in the specified historical period on the meaning of race in the language and trace the formation stages of “racial” linguistics. The analysis is based on the original work of German linguists in the period 1934-1940. The results of the comparison indicate a significant influence of racial ideology on linguistics in the period 1937-1940. These conclusions can be considered as a manifestation of the discursive practices of the “totalitarian” linguistics - the influence of the ideological component of state policy on the development of individual branches of scientific knowledge.

The research of the attributive component of two- and three-word English terminological phrases belonging to the termfield “electromechanical part of automatic electric drive” is presented in the article. The structural models and etymological characteristics of the attributive part components studied are described and compared by the method of comparative analysis, and their quantity proportion is defined by quantitative method. On the basis of the research four most productive structural models of two-word terms attributive components and two relatively productive models of the same in three-word terms were determined. The research showed that two-word words and phrases forming the attributive part were formed mostly in IX-XX cent. and three-word phrases - in XIV-XX cent.). The etymology of the corresponding morphemes with the indication of the most frequently used ones (suffixes -ic, -al, -ating, -ion, -or) was described.

The key to the correct perceiving of a statement as a whole is an adequate interpretation of the predicate which directly depends on a correct understanding of its aspectual meaning. For the languages with formalized category of aspect, it is possible to focus on the semantics of the verb itself. But in languages which lack this specific category, as English, it is necessary to expand the coverage of elements of the sentence that define aspectual meaning. These elements are often defined as quantifiers. Applying recent theoretical achievements of aspectology, the author extends the research field to the limits of the aspectual situation and analyzes the role of quantifiers in its formation. The study is based on the material of the modern prose text, by the method of direct observation of the phenomenon in textual space followed by analysis and generalization. As the result of the analysis, several types of aspectual situations in which quantifiers play a special role have been distinguished. Proceeding from the lexical and grammatical features of these elements, the author proposes to expand the existing classification by adding numbering and measuring quantifiers.

The paper presents the study of language units that objectify the concept “ugliness” in fiction. Concept is regarded as a linguo-cultural phenomenon embedded within texts. The text is considered as a coherent whole in which concept is realized. To differentiate lexical items that form the concept “ugliness” the author uses method of continuous sampling, method of componential analysis and contextual analysis. Semantic components identified in componential analysis form a set of interrelated features, which reveal the contents of the concept “ugliness” in the novel. The author concludes that the concept “ugliness” does not possess a high degree of axiological status, but it is filled with individual semantic content, which contributes to an author's style of writing.

The article presents the characteristics of the functioning of two synonymous prepositions sans/sin in several prepositional constructions “sans/sin +noun” and “sans/sin + infinitive”. It also reviews different points of view on the study of this class of words (prepositions). The study was carried out on the basis of novels of French and Spanish writers. The research revealed certain similarities in the functioning of these collocations in the text. Particular emphasis is placed on the constructions with parallel use of preposition “sans” and antonymous preposition “avec”.

The article presents analysis of early French grammars with regard to the correlation between the rule and the example. The study is focused on grammar of the pronouns. With the help of the historical-linguistic method the significant differences in describing this part of speech in the grammars of different types are considered. The disproportion in the correlation “rule-example” in favour of the example in describing the pronouns in the French grammars of the XVI c. is revealed.

The article deals with characteristics of intralingual and interlingual translation of synonyms in military vocabulary of the Anglo-Saxon poem “Beowulf”. The author analyzes the use of synonyms in the Old English text and compares their use in four translations of the poem. On the basis of the comparative analysis the author comes to the conclusion that it is impossible to use one common equivalent in translation because of the etymological and connotative differences between synonyms. The main aim of this article is to examine the ways of translating a synonymic row.

The article describes revealing, systematization and comparative analysis of the ways the concept “iskusstvo” / “art” is verbalized in Russian and English fairytale discourse. As a result of the analysis it was revealed that substantive verbalization of this concept prevails in fairytale discourse in both languages. The study showed that the concept “art” in English texts occurs 8 times more frequently than the concept «искусство» in the texts of the Russian fairytales. The concept “iskusstvo” / “art” in fairytale discourse in both linguocultures is connected with competitiveness, victory and success. Also we noticed that in both cultures “iskusstvo” / “art” is associated with the feeling of respect for work.

The article deals with the multi-aspect analysis of legalese development as a constituent of the modern linguistic landscape. The analysis consists in defining lexical-semantic and structural peculiarities of modern legalese. The author develops the theory of the cultural component of meaning detected in the course of the lexical-semantic analysis of the humanities terminological units and focuses on difficulties of interlingual legal terminology translation.

The article deals with French slogans containing neologisms borrowed from British and American English. The article analyses the most productive ways of using loanwords in leading French media. The methods implied include descriptive method, morphological and context analysis. The slogans are studied in terms of their functions and their usage in media aimed at target audience. The author comes to the conclusion that loan words help to create teaser slogans - expressive and interesting. The brevity, conciseness and ultramodernity of loan words from English and the necessity of naming new things precondition the enrichment of the French language with new terms.

Abstarct. The article analyses the ability of the texts with a formally different subject of speech to render the emotive state of the author. The author concludes, that the shift of language codes from one system to another significantly increases the emotiveness and content capacity of the text. That’s due to discursive analyses, characterized by functional and anthropological approaches that the author finds the clue to understanding the text.

The article is devoted to the analysis of Chinese onomastic realities in Robert Hans van Gulik’s detective stories and their translations into Chinese and Russian languages. The purpose of the article is to analyze onomastic realities, reflecting the national and cultural specific of the country, examine its etymological components, and identify the main regularities of application of the translation methods. To achieve this goal we used the following research methods: comparative method: analysis of English, Russian and Chinese lexemes, reflecting national and cultural code of China with the aim of finding similarities and differences; descriptive method: inventory of realities; quantitative method: calculation of the analyzed lexemes in Chinese, English and Russian languages; analytical method: analysis of scientific literature on the research topic; comparison method: identifying similarities and differences between Chinese and Russian translations of realities. The relevance of the research is explained by the fact that Chinese onomastic realities and the ways of their translation into Chinese and Russian are not sufficiently studied yet. This study revealed the most vivid examples of onomastic realities and the main ways of their translation into Chinese and Russian languages.