The article contains some results of the study of synaesthetic metaphors and their functioning in the texts that describe perfume. The concept of synaesthetic metaphors is analyzed and classification based on the type of intermodality used in the metaphors is suggested. Also a detailed analysis of the texts and metaphors they contain is described, which gives an opportunity to understand the structure of the synaesthetic metaphors and single out some features in the construction of texts describing perfume. The results of the study show deep connection of all five human senses with each other and with the language.

The concept of lingual personality of the orator is analysed using the speeches of the American Baptist minister, activist, leader in civil rights movement Martin Luther King, Jr. as the material. The development of “linguistic (i.e. lingual) personality” concept is described and its definition is presented. The peculiarities of argumentative discourse are analysed in terms of the dicteme theory and the dictemic structure of text. The peculiarities include the complex of arguments to logos, ethos and pathos with the help of which the orator proves his theses and produces an impact on the audience. The author also addresses the issue of stylistic means role in strengthening the above-mentioned modes of persuasion.

The paper touches upon the characteristics of the English concept “lady” and Russian «леди», on the basis of analysis of the respective synonymous rows and vocabulary definitions, which are one of the most important means in defining the factual information of the concept. Some hypo- and hyperonimical relations are established and digression on the history of titles (which still play an important role in Great Britain) is made.

The article analyses etymology of some English toponyms and reveals their connection with the names of ancient settlements. The results of the analysis show that the structure of English toponyms contains components of Brittonic origin. Phonetic analysis of toponyms reveals the regularities of phonetic transformations at different periods of history. This study confirms the theory of close connection between toponymy and history.

The article deals with the problem of the formation of semantic field in the minds of junior teenagers. The sports theme was chosen and a survey of school pupils of 12-15 years old was conducted. The results of this survey allow to reveal how accurately children understand and identify lexical classes, and to establish tactics of their behavior. In general foreign names are identified better than Russian in groups of all ages. In addition the development of the problem is presented in the article and some terms are specified.

Basic notions of lingu%o-culturology and language philosophy such as picture of the world, concept sphere and concept are discussed in the article. The research presents the concept sphere “confectionary and pastry”, which is a part of a wider concept sphere “food”. Proverbs and sayings which include the vocabulary of this concept sphere are analysed. The presented material shows the characteristic features of English mentality because the nominations of the concept sphere are the source of metaphoric images and allegories.

Interference is known to be an essential part of bilingualism. Interference may become especially apparent in oral speech. This article reviews some examples of grammatical interference in the speech of Russian immigrants living in Spain. According to the results of the research some cases of mother-tongue interference in Russian-speaking Spanish language learners’ speech were revealed. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the link-verb use in the Present of the Indicative Mood. According to the research the omission as well as incorrect usage of a link-verb are observed in Russian immigrants’ speech

The article presents results of the research of dogs and pigeons nomenclative names characteristics and problems connected with translating them into Russian. The XIX-XX centuries translations of “The Origin of Species” by Ch. Darwin were analysed and compared with modern state of the nomenclature in these areas. The analysis shows that while translating a scientific text, attention of the translator is mainly focused on the interpretation of the new scientific ideas and terms, while the nomen which seem unimportant suffer from inexact and often erroneous translation.

The present article is dedicated to so-called translator's omission. The latter is understood as the non-representation of either some fragments or definite units of the source text in the target language. It is underlined that the omission may be caused by different reasons. Leaving aside possible incompetence of the translator (lack of background knowledge), some external factors may be mentioned as well, e.g. some requirements of censorial nature. On the other hand, omission sometimes shows the translator's wish to make the source text easier for the general reader’s comprehension by eschewing the footnotes, commentaries, etc.