The article deals with the origin and development of a new science of perfusiology, the formation of its terminological system and the place it occupies in medicine. The author considers perfusiology as well as all other new sciences to have appeared on the cross-disciplinary base of many sciences: medical as well as engineering ones, and this determines a composite character of its terminological system and raises the question of defining the main principles the system is based on. As the first step in the research, some extralinguistic factors that have influenced the formation of the respective terminology in the process of the new scientific area development are studied. The typical characteristics of perfusiology basic terms functioning are given and the subject areas of terminology connected with this science are defined. The differences and similarities of perfusiology terms in different languages are analyzed as well. Some conclusions concerning basic terms used in perfusiology and extracorporeal blood circulation are made in the article.

The article examines the productivity of the terminological element "card" that functions in the framework of highly specialized terminology of cardiovascular surgery. The role of this element in development of new terminological units is considered. A search of the terms, including the analyzed terminological element, has been performed and the found lexemes have been systematized on the basis of dictionary definitions analysis. The question about the possibility of using the terminological element "card" in the abdominal surgery has been resolved in the process of the etymological analysis.

The article presents an analysis of conceptual field of “loneliness” phenomenon. T. Mann's works were analysed to reveal the trends of intentional type of free-will or forced isolation, determined by presence or absence of communication (subject-subject relationship (С₁-С₂)) or change of subject-object relationship (С➝О). In the analysis of literary narrative text (five works of T. Mann) the motives of existential loneliness are determined as well as correlative dominant linguistic or speech units.

The article is devoted to the study of prosodic features of the discourse of radiotelephony in civil aviation. The author gives an overview of the extralinguistic factors that influence the prosodic realization of the utterances produced by the participants of communication. The material of the research comprises fragments of the radiotelephony communication in normal situations and emergencies. The observations made in the course of the research reveal that the prosodic realization of the utterances in radiotelephony discourse is a unique phenomenon that contributes to accomplishing successful communication.

The subject of the article is the research of English proverbs and sayings in which the conceptual image of a poor person is present. Built according to the pattens of comparative models, which are quite typical for proverbial expressions, the proverbs under consideration reveal evaluative meanings. The images used as target domains in the comparative constructions of the described units may represent both unique and universal images, which can be met in proverbial expressions of different languages. Comparative semantics of poor man’s image in English proverbs is studied using examples taken from English literature.

In the article the question of interdisciplinary aspect in air-technology translation, the influence of this aspect on technical terminology meaning, transformation and development is discussed. Polysemantic terms and combinations are analyzed, the impact of technical progress on generating new terms and adding new meanings to the established terms are discussed, recommendations on translation strategies and choice of appropriate equivalents are given. The role of interdisciplinary links and integrated approach in providing correct translation of air-technology texts is highlighted.

Metaphors in scientific and technical texts present specific problems and difficulties for rendering and translation. A number of solutions to these problems are proposed in the article. Ways of translating the metaphor from English into Russian are considered. Specifically, the ways for transferring existing and author’s original metaphor from English into Russian in scientific-technical texts are analysed. General methodology for establishing functional equivalents is presented. Stylistic transformations required for rendering the metaphorical devices are analysed.

The article deals with general and specific features of borrowings system in scientific and technological terminology of German and English. Particular emphasis is put on different processes and means of borrowing, which determine their formation and functioning in modern language. Definite common regularities in German and English systems of scientific and technological terminology provide proof of certain similarity in the processes of word building and formation of word combinations in modern German and English languages.

The article deals with the difficulties in translating lexical gaps referring to anthroponyms and occasional words as means of expression in a fairy-tale. The author suggests that these tropes should not be regarded as stylistic devices only. The linguistic and intercultural aspects of original language translation by means of the target language should be taken into account. Great attention is paid to overcoming lexical gaps by means of the original lexical items adaptation through use of transformations, which is illustrated by the examples given in the article. The study also offers new criteria for the classification of lexical gaps formations in the works of J.K. Rowling.

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the contemporary situation of translation of Russian Literature in Korea since the establishment of diplomatic relations between Korea and Russia in 1990. The following aspects were taken into account: historic periods, authors, and genres, comparison with translations of literature from the USA, France, Germany and Japan was made. The study has shown that translated works of the XIX centuary Russian Literature constitute about 57 % of all translations, as for the genre, translations of novels amount to 85 %. It can be concluded that special measures should be taken to enlarge the spectrum of translated works of various genres and authors other than the XIX century, in order to present an objective and appropriate image of Russia and Russian culture in Korea

The paper addresses some of the key mechanisms that determine the development of language variation at the morphemic (affixal) level and focuses on the basic external (extra-linguistic) factors determining the language variation phenomenon. The analysis is based on data gathered from the English and French languages. Their morphological types show a rising tendency to analytical form. The main sources of morphological variation, resulting from the process of borrowing (based on certain language contacts between English and French) and the specific features of assimilation of loan words in each language are highlighted.