The paper presents analysis of scientific and technical translation manuals written by our outstanding scientists and published in the 30s (XXth century). The manuals describe the fundamentals of sci-tech translation that are still valid nowadays. The basic theoretical and methodological principles are outlined. The main difficulties and errors in translation are described. A method to improve the quality of the scientific-technical translation is suggested. Specific characteristics (lexical, grammatical and stylistic) of this type of translation are pointed out. Ways and methods to achieve the adequacy of the scientific-technical translation are presented.

The article is a brief review of works devoted to the problem of the correlation between sound and word meaning. The problem is crural for phonosemantics. This research area examines the concept of “onomatopoeia” and “sound symbolism” as two aspects of a single phenomenon - echonism as the basis of the origin and evolution of a language. According to that, an analysis of several studies concerning this topic is carried out. Moreover the importance of this phenomenon is regarded from the first attempts to formulate the problem to the most recent works in this field.

The article is devoted to the analyses of I.I. Sreznevskiy’s linguistic views in the apect of naturalistic conception of language. The article touches upon the following questions: language as a nature phenomenon, connection between language and people, language-thought correlation, periods of language evolution, language and dialects, branches of philology, the attitude of I.I. Sreznevskiy towards August Schleicher etc. The aim of the research is to compare linguistic views of I.I. Sreznevskiy and of other linguists-naturalists of the XIXth century and to prove that the scientist belongs to the school of linguistic naturalism.

The article offers an anthropolinguistic approach to the study of ecological terms. International lexical units are singled out in Russian, English, German, Spanish and French ecological terminology. A detailed analysis of international words semantics is performed in Russian, English and German languages. The research of form of international terms in these languages is supplemented by the analysis of their form in Spanish and French. The paper reveals common and specific features in professional world view of ecologists speaking different national languages.

The article is devoted to the identification and systematization of sociolinguistic features of the speech of young representatives of the British royal family. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge interview. Certain lexical and phonetic features of Prince William’s and Kate Middleton’s speech as, for example, the presence of evaluative adjectives, underestimating, overestimating, etc., were identified. These features are typical not only for members of the English monarchy, but also for the aristocracy in general. The article also shows the differences between the speech of the older generation of British monarchs and younger representatives of this class.

The subject of the article is semantic differences of synonymic evaluative constructions in the English language. The comparative analysis of two synonymic structures implies metaphorisation which underlies cognitive processes of the language speaker. Examples given in the article show that a construction expressed through a bigger linguistic form tends to acquire an additional semantic load. The assumption is made about interrelation between the form of evaluative constructions and their semantic content. This interrelation, supposedly, refers to metaphoric foundations of thinking and of language structure.

The paper is devoted to identifying the role of fragmentary sentences and their stylistic function in works of fiction. Fragmentary sentences are analyzed within the framework of text linguistics and in connection with their interference with other syntactic and grammatical means of expressiveness constituting author's individual style. The author concludes that the absolute priority given to expressive syntax leads to lack of coherence in the text.