Aspectual potential of the German Perfekt and conditions for its implementation
https://doi.org/10.18384/2949-5075-2024-2-99-109
Abstract
Aim. To describe the conditions under which the Perfekt form shows the ability to convey not only temporal, but also aspectual meanings.
Methodology. 300 examples were selected from German DWDS and DECOW 16A corpora. To identify the conditions for the realization of the aspectual potential of the Perfekt form, the descriptive method, the method of component analysis and comparative methods were used.
Results. It is shown that verbal action modes have a strong influence on the interpretation of the perfect form. The use of perfective verbs in the Perfekt form allows us to interpret it exclusively as a temporary grammeme synonymous with Präteritum. Some aspectually two-valued verbs used in the perfect form are able to express the meaning of a completed action in the past, in the preterital – an incomplete action in the past. It is concluded that the German Perfect is, first of all, a temporary form expressing aspectual semantics only in some situations with aspectually two-valued verbs.
Research implications. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that it introduces some clarifications to the issues of the inter-categorical interaction of temporal and aspectual meanings. The practical significance lies in the fact that the observations made can be used in theoretical and practical classes on theoretical and practical grammar of the German language.
About the Author
A. V. Averina
Moscow State Linguistic University; Federal State University of Education
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anna V. Averina – Dr. Sci. (Philology), Prof., Department of German Grammar and History, Moscow State Linguistic University; Prof., Department of German and Roman Philology, Federal State University of Education
ulitsa Ostozhenka 38 build. 1, Moscow 119034
ulitsa Very Voloshinoi 24, Mytishchi 141014
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