Metaphorical and Metonymic Uses of Neologisms in Military Terminology in Modern French
https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-712X-2022-4-112-121
Abstract
Aim. To consider and identify the specifics of the formation of military metaphor and metonymy and to reveal the features of their use in the military vocabulary of the modern French language.
Methodology. The work mainly uses a descriptive method, which is a system of procedures for collecting factual material, its description based on observation.
Results. An analysis of neologisms that have arisen in the military lexicon and new words from their own language resources is given. Redistribution between different layers of the language, changes in the semantic structure of the word make qualitative and quantitative changes in the vocabulary of the modern military French language.
Research implications. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that it allows one to study military terminological vocabulary: words and phrases that become reconsidered and and thus are used as military terms. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using it as illustrative material and the obtained research results in teaching practice in specialized higher military educational institutions, when compiling military-oriented textbooks, as well as including them into the university course of military translation.
About the Authors
I. V. SkuratovRussian Federation
Igor V. Skuratov – Dr. Sci. (Philology), Prof., Departmental Head, Department of Romance Philology
ulitsa Very Voloshinoi 24, Mytishchi 141014, Moscow Region
A. S. Komalova
Russian Federation
Alexandra S. Komalova – Postgraduate Student, Department of Romance Philology
ulitsa Very Voloshinoi 24, Mytishchi 141014, Moscow Region
References
1. Alefirenko N. F. Spornyye problemy semantiki [Controversial problems of semantics]. Moscow, Gnozis Publ., 2005. 326 p.
2. Barkhudarov L. S. Yazyk i perevod: voprosy obshchey i chastnoy teorii perevoda [Language and translation: issues of general and particular theory of translation]. Moscow, USSR Publ., 2017. 240 p.
3. Budayev E. V., Chudinov A. P. Metafora v politicheskoy kommunikatsii [Metaphor in political communication]. Moscow, Flinta Publ., 2018. 248 p.
4. Ivashina N. V., Rudenko Ye. Ye. [Metonymy: research aspects]. In: Linguistica Brunensia, 2011, vol. 59, iss. 1-2, pp. 17–24.
5. Katagoshchina N. A. Kak obrazuyutsya slova vo frantsuzskom yazyke [How words are formed in French]. Moscow, KomKniga Publ., 2006. 112 p.
6. Lopatin V. V. Rozhdeniye slova. Neologizmy i okkazional'nyye obrazovaniya [Birth of a word. Neologisms and occasional formations]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973. 152 p.
7. Makoyeva D. G. [Cognitive mechanisms of semantic shift in bi-transitive constructions: metaphor, metonymy, figurativeness]. In: Filologicheskiye nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Philology. Theory & Practice], 2018, no. 1-1 (79), pp. 138–142.
8. Nelyubin L. L., Dormidontov A. A., Vasil'chenko A. A. Uchebnik voyennogo perevoda: Angliyskiy yazyk. Spetsial'nyy kurs [Textbook of military translation: English. Special course]. Moscow, Voyenizdat Publ., 1984. 440 p.
9. Nemchenko V. N. Vvedeniye v yazykoznaniye [Introduction to linguistics]. Moscow, Drofa Publ., 2008. 703 p.
10. Paducheva Ye. V. [Space in the guise of time and vice versa (to the typology of metonymic transfers)]. In: Logicheskiy analiz yazyka: yazyki prostranstv [Logical analysis of language: languages of spaces]. Moscow, Yazyki russkoy kul'tury Publ., 2000, pp. 239–254.
11. Popova T. G., Zaripov R. I. [Linguistic and visual Russia’s image metaphors in western media]. In: Odin poyas ‒ odin put'. Lingvisticheskiye osnovy vzaimoponimaniya: materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferentsii po politicheskoy kommunikatsii, 16–21 oktyabrya 2017 g. [One zone – one way. Linguistic Foundations of Mutual Understanding: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference on Political Communication, October 16–21, 2017]. Yekaterinburg, Ural State Pedagogical University Publ., 2017, pp. 142–144.
12. Retsker Ya. I. [What are lexical transformations?]. In: Tetradi perevodchika. Vyp. 17 [Translator's notebooks. Iss. 17]. Moscow, Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya Publ., 1980, pp. 72–84.
13. Sanzharova O. N. [Conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy as different cognitive mechanisms (system approach)]. In: Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta [Proceedings of the St. Petersburg State University of Economics], 2019, no. 3 (117), pp. 135‒140.
14. Skuratov I. V. [Semantic neology (based on the French language)]. In: Romanskiye yazyki v sinkhronii i diakhronii [Romance languages in synchrony and diachrony]. Moscow, Moscow Region State University Publ., 2017, pp. 110‒113.
15. Solovyova E. A. [The non-anthropocentric metaphor in the modern French substandard military vocabulary]. In: Gumanitarnyye i sotsial'nyye nauki [The Humanities and social sciences], 2016, no. 6, pp. 214–217.
16. Solovyova E. A. [Emotional and evaluative function of metaphor in the speech of French soldiers during the First World War]. In: Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. Seriya: Filologiya. Zhurnalistika [Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism], 2019, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 7‒10. DOI: 10.18500/1817-7115-2019-19-1-7-10.
17. Tsybova I. A. Frantsuzskiy yazyk. Slovoobrazovaniye [French language. Word formation]. Moscow, Moscow Lyceum Publ., 1995. 127 p.
18. Frisk K. Armadillo and the Viking spirit: military names and national myths in transnational military interventions. In: Critical Military Studies, 2019, vol. 5. iss 1, pp. 21–39. DOI: 10.1080/23337486.201 7.1319644.
19. Hagège C. Le linguiste et les langues. Paris, CNRS, 2019. 62 p.
20. Mortureux M.-F. Lexicologie entre langue et discours. Paris, Armand Colin, 2008. 212 p.
21. Skouratov I. V. Caractéristiques typologiques des néologismes en français contemporain. Мoscow, Moscow Region State University Publ., 2021. 154 p.
22. Wilson A. Military Terminology and the English Language. Available at: https://cpercy.artsci.utoronto. ca/courses/6362-WilsonAdele.htm (accessed: 10.11.2021).