Classification characteristics of the nominations of types of vessels based on the material of English, French and Russian

Aim. To analyze the selected language material for the nomination of various types of vessels based on the material of English, French and Russian. To identify structural similarities and differences of terminological systems in the field of navigation by comparing the linguistic space of the three analyzed languages.

Methodology. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: the continuous sampling method (more than 100 main types and names of ships, vessels and boats were selected), the method of linguistic analysis and classification according to the functional-semantic principle, the typological method of diving the language material to reveal patterns, and the comparative-historical method. The descriptive method was also applied in the context of the navigation term system formation.

Results. As a result of studying the reference books and dictionaries in Russian, English and French, the main types of watercraft were selected and classified; common features and differences in the interaction of the terminological systems of water transport of the languages being analyzed were identified; the national specifics of the language of navigation were demonstrated in the linguistic and cultural aspect; a comparative table of terminological units in three languages was compiled according to the functional and semantic principle, indicating their use and meanings.

Research implications. The theoretical and practical significance lies in the fact that as a result of the classification analysis, results were obtained on theoretical justification of the trends in the formation of navigation terminology, which complements the theory of language in the field of lexicology. The identification of national-linguistic features of marine terminology within the framework of 3 languages – English, French and Russian – and possible ways to create a unified international classification of ship types is significant for the theory and practice of the language. The factual material is useful in teaching a foreign language to marine specialties, especially in a specialized non-linguistic university.

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